CVE-2025-52520 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting Apache Tomcat, specifically related to multipart upload configurations. An Integer Overflow issue could allow attackers to bypass size limits, potentially leading to a denial of service (DoS). The CVSS score for this vulnerability is 7.5, indicating a significant risk to systems using vulnerable versions of Tomcat.
Organizations should be aware that this vulnerability impacts Apache Tomcat versions from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.8, 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.42, and 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.106. Additionally, older end-of-life versions from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100 are also affected. Given the potential for exploitation, it is crucial for organizations to address this vulnerability urgently.
The Integer Overflow vulnerability is categorized under CWE-190. This classification indicates that the flaw arises from improper handling of integers, which could lead to unexpected application behavior, including crashes or service interruptions.
Given the high severity of this vulnerability, organizations should prioritize patching immediately. Users are recommended to upgrade to Apache Tomcat versions 11.0.9, 10.1.43, or 9.0.107, which include fixes for this issue.
Vulnerability Details
This vulnerability allows an attacker to exploit certain unlikely configurations of multipart upload in Apache Tomcat, leveraging an Integer Overflow to bypass size limits and potentially cause a DoS condition.
The CVSS score of 7.5 indicates this is a high-severity vulnerability, emphasizing the importance of prompt remediation. The affected products include various versions of Apache Tomcat, specifically from 11.0.0-M1 to 11.0.8, 10.1.0-M1 to 10.1.42, and 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.106. End-of-life versions from 8.5.0 to 8.5.100 are also known to be affected.
The vulnerability was officially published on July 10, 2025. Organizations should take immediate action to upgrade to non-vulnerable versions, such as 11.0.9, 10.1.43, or 9.0.107, to mitigate the risk.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of this vulnerability is an Integer Overflow that occurs in specific configurations of multipart uploads within Apache Tomcat. The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote exploitation without physical access to the system.
The attack complexity is categorized as low, meaning that an attacker does not need advanced skills to exploit this vulnerability. No privileges are required to execute the attack, and user interaction is not necessary.
In terms of impact, the availability of the system is significantly endangered, as successful exploitation could lead to a denial of service. The confidentiality and integrity impacts are assessed as none, as this vulnerability does not allow unauthorized access to sensitive information or alteration of data.
Risk & Impact Analysis
Risk to organizations includes potential downtime and service interruptions that could affect business operations. The blast radius potential is significant, especially for organizations heavily reliant on Apache Tomcat for their applications and services.
Organizations should assess their deployment of affected Tomcat versions and prioritize remediation based on the CVSS score of 7.5. The urgency for remediation is high due to the ease of exploitation and the potential impact on service availability.
Exploitation Status
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
The affected versions of Apache Tomcat include 11.0.0-M1 to 11.0.8, 10.1.0-M1 to 10.1.42, and 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.106. Additionally, older end-of-life versions from 8.5.0 to 8.5.100 are known to be affected. Organizations should ensure all components are updated to versions 11.0.9, 10.1.43, or 9.0.107.
Mitigation & Remediation
To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should upgrade to the latest versions of Apache Tomcat: 11.0.9, 10.1.43, or 9.0.107. If immediate upgrading is not feasible, consider implementing configuration hardening and network controls to limit exposure.
For comprehensive security, organizations are encouraged to perform regular security assessments and penetration testing to identify and remediate vulnerabilities.
Detection Guidance
Organizations should monitor logs for abnormal behavior during multipart uploads and keep an eye on system performance metrics for any signs of denial of service attacks. It is also advisable to review changes in application availability and ensure timely responses to incidents.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
This vulnerability highlights the importance of maintaining up-to-date software to protect against potential exploits. The trend of vulnerabilities related to multipart uploads continues to grow, and organizations must adopt proactive security measures.
For additional insights on application security, organizations can explore our penetration testing methodology and learn how to integrate security into development practices.
Organizations should also consider our comprehensive vulnerability management program to better prepare for future threats.
Finally, for organizations seeking specialized services, we offer red teaming as a service to simulate real-world attacks and enhance defensive strategies.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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