CVE-2025-41115 is classified as a critical vulnerability with a CVSS score of 10. This vulnerability allows a malicious or compromised SCIM client to provision users with numeric external IDs, potentially leading to unauthorized user impersonation and privilege escalation. Organizations utilizing Grafana versions 12.x with the SCIM provisioning feature enabled face significant risks if this vulnerability is exploited.
Risk to organizations includes unauthorized access and potential data breaches, particularly in environments where user identity management is critical. The urgency for defenders is high, as this vulnerability can be exploited remotely without any user interaction, making it a prime target for attackers.
To effectively mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should prioritize patching Grafana immediately. If immediate patching is not feasible, temporary workarounds should be implemented to disable or restrict SCIM provisioning functionalities.
As of now, there is confirmed exploit availability, and organizations are advised to remain vigilant against potential exploitation attempts.
Vulnerability Details
The vulnerability arises from improper handling of user identities during SCIM provisioning in Grafana. Specifically, if the 'enableSCIM' feature flag and 'user_sync_enabled' configuration options are both set to true, a malicious actor can exploit this weakness. The official CVE description states that it allows the provisioning of a user with a numeric externalId, leading to potential internal user ID overrides.
The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 10, indicating critical severity. The attack vector is network-based, requiring no privileges or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous. The impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability are all rated as high.
The vulnerability is classified under CWE-266, which pertains to improper access control. Organizations utilizing Grafana should review their configurations to ensure that they do not inadvertently expose themselves to this risk.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of CVE-2025-41115 is linked to SCIM provisioning in Grafana. When enabled, a compromised SCIM client can provision users with numeric external IDs. This can lead to scenarios where internal user IDs are overridden, allowing for impersonation and unauthorized access. The attack vector is network-based, meaning that an attacker can exploit this vulnerability from anywhere without needing physical access to the system.
The attack complexity is low, as it does not require any privileges or user interaction. This makes it easier for attackers to exploit, especially in environments where SCIM provisioning is actively used. The confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts noted are high, indicating a severe risk if exploited.
Risk & Impact Analysis
Organizations using Grafana should assess their risk exposure related to this vulnerability carefully. The potential for unauthorized access and data breaches is significant, particularly for organizations that rely on automated user provisioning for their operations. The blast radius is extensive, as the ability to impersonate users could lead to a variety of attacks, including unauthorized data access, manipulation, or even system takeover.
Given the critical nature of this vulnerability and the potential impacts on organizations, patching should be prioritized immediately. Organizations should also ensure proper monitoring and logging is in place to detect any unauthorized provisioning attempts.
Exploitation Status
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | Yes |
Public PoC | Yes |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
Grafana versions 12.0.0 to 12.2.0 are affected by this vulnerability. Organizations should ensure they are running the latest version of Grafana to mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-41115.
Mitigation & Remediation
Organizations should prioritize patching Grafana to the latest version to address this vulnerability. In cases where immediate patching is not feasible, disabling the SCIM provisioning feature is recommended until a patch can be applied. Additionally, regular audits of user provisioning configurations should be conducted to ensure compliance with security best practices.
For further assistance in securing your infrastructure, organizations may consider engaging in penetration testing to identify vulnerabilities within their environments.
Detection Guidance
Organizations should monitor logs for unusual user provisioning activities. Key indicators include unexpected user creations, modifications to user roles, and attempts to provision users with numeric external IDs. Behavioral anomalies and unauthorized access attempts should also be logged and reviewed regularly.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
The emergence of CVE-2025-41115 highlights the ongoing challenges in user identity management within cloud applications. This vulnerability serves as a reminder for organizations to regularly review their security configurations and implement robust access controls. Security teams should prioritize training and awareness around identity management best practices to mitigate similar risks in the future.
For organizations using Grafana, adopting a proactive approach to security, including regular updates and penetration testing methodology, can significantly reduce the risk of falling victim to such vulnerabilities.
Lastly, organizations should consider implementing a vulnerability management program to systematically address security weaknesses in their systems.
Engaging in regular security assessments can help organizations stay ahead of emerging threats and maintain a secure environment.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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