CVE-2025-31991 describes a medium-severity vulnerability in HCL DevOps Velocity, stemming from improper enforcement of rate limiting during user login attempts. This flaw could allow attackers to perform brute-force attacks, surpassing the designed limit on unsuccessful login attempts. The attack vector is classified as network-based, and the attack complexity is low, making it easier for potential attackers to exploit this vulnerability. The vulnerability holds a CVSS score of 6.8, indicating a medium risk level that organizations must address to prevent unauthorized access.
The vulnerability was published on April 13, 2026, and has been categorized as awaiting analysis. It is important to note that the issue has been mitigated in version 5.1.7 of the product. Organizations using HCL DevOps Velocity should assess their current version and plan to upgrade to the patched version promptly. Risk to organizations includes potential unauthorized access and manipulation of data, which could have severe implications for operational integrity.
Organizations should prioritize patching immediately. The low attack complexity combined with the high privileges required for exploit makes it crucial for security teams to implement the necessary updates and monitor for any suspicious login activities.
As of now, there is no confirmed public exploit available for this vulnerability, and it is not listed in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, the potential for exploitation exists, and organizations must remain vigilant.
Vulnerability Details
The specific nature of CVE-2025-31991 is related to the failure of HCL DevOps Velocity to implement appropriate rate limiting for user login attempts. The vulnerability falls under the CWE-307 classification, which refers to the lack of proper access control mechanisms. The CVSS 3.1 score of 6.8 indicates a medium severity level, highlighting the need for timely remediation.
HCL DevOps Velocity is affected by this vulnerability, and organizations using versions prior to 5.1.7 should take immediate action to update their systems. The vulnerability was disclosed on April 13, 2026, and is currently awaiting further analysis.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of this vulnerability stems from improper rate limiting, which fails to restrict the number of login attempts a user can make. This oversight allows attackers to repeatedly attempt to guess user credentials without facing lockout mechanisms typical in secure applications.
The attack vector is network-based, meaning that an attacker can initiate an exploit remotely. The complexity of the attack is low, requiring minimal effort or specialized knowledge to exploit the vulnerability. It is categorized as requiring high privileges, meaning that the attacker would need to possess valid user credentials to be effective. User interaction is not required for the attack to succeed.
The impacts of this vulnerability are significant: while confidentiality is not affected, integrity is rated as high, indicating that successful exploitation could allow attackers to alter user data or perform unauthorized actions within the application. Availability is not impacted by this vulnerability.
Risk & Impact Analysis
The real-world risk posed by CVE-2025-31991 is considerable, especially for organizations relying on HCL DevOps Velocity for their development operations. The potential for brute-force attacks could lead to unauthorized access, manipulation of sensitive data, and overall compromise of the application's integrity.
Organizations must recognize the importance of addressing this vulnerability promptly. With a CVSS score of 6.8, this vulnerability falls within the medium severity range, signifying that it should be prioritized in the patch management cycle. The longer this vulnerability remains unaddressed, the greater the risk of successful exploitation, which could have far-reaching consequences.
Organizations should schedule remediation to ensure the application is updated to version 5.1.7 or later. Continuous monitoring for any abnormal login activities should also be implemented to detect potential exploitation attempts.
Exploitation Status
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
All versions prior to vendor patch 5.1.7 are affected by this vulnerability. Organizations must ensure they are running an updated version to mitigate the risk associated with this issue.
Mitigation & Remediation
To remediate CVE-2025-31991, organizations must apply the patch available in version 5.1.7 of HCL DevOps Velocity. It is crucial to ensure that the upgrade process is conducted smoothly to avoid any disruptions. Additionally, organizations should review their security policies to enhance rate limiting practices and consider implementing further security measures.
For further guidance, organizations can refer to the penetration testing services to validate the effectiveness of their implemented fixes.
Detection Guidance
To detect potential attempts to exploit this vulnerability, organizations should monitor for abnormal login patterns and multiple failed login attempts from the same IP address. Log indicators may include spikes in login failures and unusual account lockouts.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
The long-term significance of CVE-2025-31991 highlights the critical need for robust security measures around user authentication processes. As brute-force attacks become more prevalent, organizations must remain vigilant in fortifying their defenses against such vulnerabilities.
Security teams should regularly assess their applications for potential weaknesses in rate limiting and other access control mechanisms. For more information on securing development operations, organizations can explore our penetration testing methodology and consider the benefits of continuous security testing available through vulnerability management programs to ensure ongoing compliance and security.
In conclusion, CVE-2025-31991 serves as a reminder of the importance of implementing effective security controls to mitigate risks associated with improper configurations. Regular updates and security assessments are essential to maintaining the integrity of systems.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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