Label Studio is an open source data labeling tool. Prior to version 1.16.0, Label Studio's S3 storage integration feature contains a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in its endpoint configuration. When creating an S3 storage connection, the application allows users to specify a custom S3 endpoint URL via the s3_endpoint parameter. This endpoint URL is passed directly to the boto3 AWS SDK without proper validation or restrictions on the protocol or destination.
The vulnerability allows an attacker to make the application send HTTP requests to arbitrary internal services by specifying them as the S3 endpoint. When the storage sync operation is triggered, the application attempts to make S3 API calls to the specified endpoint, effectively making HTTP requests to the target service and returning the response in error messages. This SSRF vulnerability enables attackers to bypass network segmentation and access internal services that should not be accessible from the external network.
The vulnerability is particularly severe because error messages from failed requests contain the full response body, allowing data exfiltration from internal services. Version 1.16.0 contains a patch for the issue. Organizations should prioritize patching immediately.
Given the high CVSS score of 8.6, it is critical for organizations using Label Studio to assess their exposure and implement the necessary updates to safeguard their systems.
Vulnerability Details
Label Studio's S3 storage integration flaw allows for SSRF due to improper validation of the s3_endpoint parameter. The CVSS score of 8.6 indicates a high-severity risk, primarily affecting all versions prior to 1.16.0. The vulnerability enables attackers to exfiltrate sensitive data by exploiting the application's response mechanisms.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of the vulnerability lies in the unvalidated input of the S3 endpoint URL. Attackers can exploit this by crafting malicious URLs that target internal services. The attack vector is network-based, with low complexity and no privileges required, making it accessible to a wide range of attackers. User interaction is not necessary, and the impact on confidentiality is high, while integrity and availability remain unaffected.
Risk & Impact Analysis
Risk to organizations includes potential exposure of sensitive internal data and unauthorized access to internal services. The ability for attackers to bypass network segmentation poses significant risks to data integrity and confidentiality. Given the CVSS score and the nature of the vulnerability, organizations must address this issue in their priority patch cycle.
Exploitation Status
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
All versions prior to 1.16.0 of Label Studio are affected by this vulnerability.
Mitigation & Remediation
Organizations should upgrade to Label Studio version 1.16.0 or later to mitigate this vulnerability. If immediate patching is not feasible, consider implementing network controls to restrict access to internal services and monitor for anomalies that may indicate exploitation attempts.
Detection Guidance
Monitor logs for unusual access patterns to internal services and review error messages returned by the application for any indications of unauthorized access attempts.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
The SSRF vulnerability in Label Studio represents a significant risk due to its potential to expose sensitive data and internal services. Security teams should conduct thorough assessments of their environments, particularly focusing on misconfigurations in services that allow external input. For further insights, organizations can refer to our guide on SSRF in Cloud Environments and explore best practices for securing applications against such vulnerabilities. Regularly reviewing penetration testing methodologies can also enhance an organization's security posture.
Organizations are encouraged to maintain an updated security awareness program to keep their teams informed of the latest threats and mitigation strategies.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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