CVE-2025-25282 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting Infiniflow's RAGFlow, an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. This vulnerability allows authenticated users to exploit an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR), which may lead to unauthorized cross-tenant access. Specifically, the vulnerability enables attackers to list user accounts from other tenants and add user accounts into other tenants. The potential risks include unauthorized access to sensitive information and user accounts across different tenants.
The severity of this vulnerability is classified as high, with a CVSS score of 8.1. This rating indicates a significant risk for organizations utilizing RAGFlow as the potential impact on confidentiality and integrity is high. Furthermore, the vulnerability has not yet been patched, and organizations using this product should address it in their priority patch cycle.
Risk to organizations includes unauthorized access to user accounts across tenants, which could result in data breaches and loss of sensitive information. Organizations should prioritize patching immediately to mitigate these risks. Users are advised to reach out to project maintainers to coordinate a fix.
Currently, no public exploit has been confirmed for this vulnerability, but the potential for exploitation is recognized. Organizations should remain vigilant and monitor for updates regarding this vulnerability.
Vulnerability Details
RAGFlow is an open-source RAG engine based on deep document understanding. The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-25282 allows authenticated users to exploit the IDOR vulnerability, leading to unauthorized cross-tenant access.
The CVSS score for this vulnerability is 8.1, indicating a high severity level. The attack vector is network-based, and the attack complexity is low, with low privileges required and no user interaction needed. The confidentiality and integrity impacts are both high, while the availability impact is none.
The vulnerability affects the RAGFlow product from Infiniflow, specifically versions from 0.13.0 up to, but not including, 0.14.1. The vulnerability has been classified under CWE-639.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of this vulnerability is due to improper access control mechanisms that allow users to access resources from other tenants. Attackers may leverage this vulnerability by crafting requests to the API endpoints, such as GET /<tenant_id>/user/list and POST /<tenant_id>/user, to enumerate and manipulate user accounts across different tenants.
The attack vector is network-based, and the complexity of the attack is low, as attackers do not require any special privileges to exploit the vulnerability. User interaction is not required, making it easier for attackers to exploit this vulnerability without the need for any action from the user.
The potential impacts include high confidentiality and integrity impacts, as attackers could gain access to sensitive user data and potentially modify or delete accounts. The availability impact, however, is assessed as none.
Risk & Impact Analysis
Organizations utilizing RAGFlow are at significant risk due to the unauthorized cross-tenant access enabled by CVE-2025-25282. The ability to list user accounts from other tenants and add users into different tenants presents a clear threat to data integrity and confidentiality. This vulnerability could lead to severe data breaches, resulting in potential regulatory repercussions and reputational damage.
The urgency of addressing this vulnerability is high, as it has not been patched, and the potential for exploitation exists. Organizations should prioritize patching immediately to secure their systems and protect sensitive user information from unauthorized access.
In addition, organizations should consider conducting a thorough review of their access control mechanisms to ensure proper segmentation between tenants, thus mitigating the risk of unauthorized cross-tenant access in the future.
Exploitation Status
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
The vulnerability affects RAGFlow versions from 0.13.0 up to, but not including, 0.14.1. Organizations running these versions should apply the necessary patches as soon as they are available.
Mitigation & Remediation
To mitigate the risk associated with CVE-2025-25282, organizations should prioritize patching immediately. Users are advised to reach out to the project maintainers at Infiniflow to coordinate a fix.
If a patch is not yet available, organizations should implement access control measures to restrict unauthorized cross-tenant access. Regular security assessments and penetration testing can help identify similar vulnerabilities in the future.
Conducting penetration testing can also provide insights into the security posture of the application and help identify areas for improvement.
Detection Guidance
Organizations should monitor logs for unusual access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts. Behavioral anomalies, such as unexpected user account modifications, should be investigated promptly.
Additionally, network signatures for the API endpoints related to user management should be established to detect unauthorized access attempts.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
CVE-2025-25282 highlights the ongoing risks associated with IDOR vulnerabilities in modern application architectures. Security teams should be aware that even authenticated users can be a vector for attacks if proper access controls are not implemented.
This vulnerability represents a pattern of misconfigurations that can lead to significant security issues. Organizations are encouraged to adopt a proactive security approach by regularly reviewing their access management policies and practices.
Engaging with resources focused on IDOR vulnerabilities can help teams better understand detection and mitigation strategies.
Mitigation strategies shared by experts can provide guidance on how to implement more robust access control mechanisms.
Overall, the strategic defensive takeaway from this vulnerability is that security cannot be an afterthought. Continuous assessment and improvement of security practices are essential in safeguarding applications against emerging threats.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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