CVE-2025-22551: Medium Vulnerability in albedo0 Boot-Modal

The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-22551 is classified as a Cross-site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability affecting the albedo0 Boot-Modal plugin. This vulnerability allows for stored XSS attacks, which can lead to unauthorized actions being executed by users unknowingly. The severity of this vulnerability is rated as medium, with a CVSS score of 6.5, indicating that while it is not critical, it presents a substantial risk that organizations should address.

Risk to organizations includes potential data theft, session hijacking, and further exploitation of user accounts. Attackers may leverage this vulnerability to inject malicious scripts, compromising the integrity of web applications and end-user data. Given the increasing prevalence of XSS vulnerabilities, it is crucial for organizations using the Boot-Modal plugin to prioritize remediation.

As of now, there are no known exploits in the wild, and it is listed as deferred. However, organizations should remain vigilant and monitor their systems for any unusual activity. Urgency for defenders is moderate; organizations should schedule remediation in their patch cycles.

The vulnerability affects Boot-Modal versions from n/a through 1.9.1, and organizations utilizing this plugin should assess their environments accordingly.

Vulnerability Details

The CVE-2025-22551 vulnerability is characterized by improper neutralization of input during web page generation, allowing for stored XSS. The CVSS vector is CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L, categorizing the attack vector as network-based with low complexity and requiring low privileges for an attacker. User interaction is necessary to exploit this vulnerability, as it relies on the user's action to trigger the malicious payload.

The vulnerability has a confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact rated as low, indicating that while the potential for damage exists, it is limited. The affected product is Boot-Modal, specifically versions up to and including 1.9.1. The vulnerability was published on January 7, 2025.

The official CWE classification for this vulnerability is CWE-79, which pertains to improper neutralization of input during web page generation, commonly known as XSS.

Technical Analysis

The root cause of CVE-2025-22551 lies in the inadequate sanitization of user input within the Boot-Modal plugin. This vulnerability allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code into the application, which can then be executed in the context of other users accessing the affected pages.

The attack vector is network-based, as exploitation occurs when a user interacts with a malicious link or input field. The complexity of the attack is low, requiring minimal technical knowledge to perform. Privileges required for successful exploitation are low, meaning any user can potentially trigger the attack. User interaction is necessary, as the victim must be convinced to click on a link or perform an action that activates the malicious script.

The potential impacts of this vulnerability include unauthorized access to user sessions, data theft, and the possibility of further exploiting the application or connected systems. The confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts are all rated as low, indicating that while the effects may not be catastrophic, they still pose a significant risk that organizations must address.

Risk & Impact Analysis

Real-world deployment risk associated with CVE-2025-22551 is notable due to the prevalence of XSS vulnerabilities in web applications. If successfully exploited, an attacker could gain substantial control over user sessions, leading to data breaches and further exploitation of the targeted systems. Organizations using the Boot-Modal plugin must recognize the potential for significant impacts on their operational integrity and data confidentiality.

The blast radius for this vulnerability can be severe, especially in environments where the Boot-Modal plugin is widely used across multiple user accounts. Compromised user accounts can lead to a domino effect, allowing attackers to escalate their access and perform malicious actions across the application.

Given the CVSS score of 6.5 and the moderate EPSS score of 0.001120000, organizations should understand that while immediate action may not be required, this vulnerability should be included in the priority patch cycle. Affected organizations should schedule remediation efforts based on the risk it poses to their environment.

Exploitation Status

Affected Versions

The vulnerability affects all versions of the Boot-Modal plugin up to and including version 1.9.1. Organizations utilizing this plugin should ensure they are running a patched version to mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-22551.

Mitigation & Remediation

Organizations should prioritize patching Boot-Modal to the latest version to remediate this vulnerability. If an immediate patch is not available, consider implementing input validation and output encoding to mitigate the risk of XSS attacks. Additionally, implementing security measures such as Content Security Policy (CSP) can provide an additional layer of protection against script injection.

For further guidance on effective security testing, organizations can refer to the penetration testing services that can help identify and mitigate similar vulnerabilities.

Detection Guidance

Organizations should monitor logs for any unusual activity related to the Boot-Modal plugin. Key indicators include unexpected script execution, unauthorized changes to user profiles, and anomalous user interactions with the application. Behavioral anomalies should be flagged for further investigation.

AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight

The long-term significance of CVE-2025-22551 lies in the commonality of XSS vulnerabilities in web applications. This vulnerability highlights the necessity for continuous security assessment and timely patching practices. Security teams should take note of the trends associated with such vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of proactive vulnerability management.

For comprehensive vulnerability management strategies, organizations can explore our resources on vulnerability management programs and the latest trends in vulnerability exposure, along with best practices in penetration testing to enhance their security posture.