In the Linux kernel, a vulnerability has been identified that could lead to command execution failures due to improper handling of command allocation. Specifically, the issue arises within the net/mlx5 component, where the function cmd_alloc_index() does not complete ent->slotted when cmd_work_handler() fails, potentially causing a hang of the issuing task.
The vulnerability is classified as medium severity with a CVSS score of 5.5, indicating that while it poses a risk, the complexity of exploitation is low, and it requires minimal privileges. Organizations using affected versions of the Linux kernel should prioritize remediation to mitigate risks, as failure to address this issue could lead to significant availability impacts.
This vulnerability allows attackers to exploit the command execution process, potentially leading to a denial of service (DoS) condition where tasks may block indefinitely. Organizations using the affected versions of the Linux kernel need to act swiftly to apply patches provided by the Linux community.
Organizations should prioritize patching immediately. The exploitation status indicates that there are no known exploits or public proofs of concept at this time, allowing organizations a window to secure their systems effectively before potential exploit attempts arise.
Vulnerability Details
The official description of this vulnerability highlights that it was resolved in the Linux kernel. The fix addresses an issue where a variable was not being completed when the function returned. If the cmd_alloc_index() fails, the cmd_work_handler() needs to complete ent->slotted before returning, failing which could lead to task hangs.
The vulnerability has a CVSS 3.1 score of 5.5, categorized under a medium severity level, indicating that it can lead to high availability impact while requiring low privileges and low complexity for exploitation.
The affected product is the Linux kernel, with the vulnerability impacting multiple versions, specifically between version 6.1.93 and 6.1.125, as well as 6.6.33 to 6.6.72 and from 6.8.12 to 6.9. The publication date of this vulnerability is January 21, 2025.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of the vulnerability lies in the improper handling of command allocation within the Linux kernel's net/mlx5 subsystem. When cmd_alloc_index() fails, the cmd_work_handler() does not complete the necessary actions, resulting in potential task hangs.
The attack vector for this vulnerability is local, meaning that an attacker must have access to the system to exploit this issue. The attack complexity is rated as low, allowing attackers with the required privileges to execute commands that may lead to system hangs.
Exploitation requires low privileges and does not necessitate user interaction. The vulnerability impacts system availability, but there are no confidentiality or integrity impacts associated with this issue.
Risk & Impact Analysis
The real-world risk posed by this vulnerability includes significant downtime for systems that rely on the Linux kernel. If not addressed, organizations may face interruptions in service due to tasks hanging indefinitely, which can have a cascading effect on application performance and user experience.
The urgency for organizations to remediate this vulnerability is moderate. Although there are no known active exploits at this time, the potential impact on system availability necessitates timely action to apply patches and updates.
Organizations should assess their deployment of the Linux kernel and prioritize patching those versions affected by CVE-2025-21662, especially those within the specified ranges. The blast radius of this issue could affect a wide array of systems, given the widespread use of the Linux kernel in various environments.
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
The affected versions of the Linux kernel include all versions from 6.1.93 to 6.1.125, 6.6.33 to 6.6.72, and 6.8.12 to 6.9, along with specific release candidates from version 6.13. Organizations should ensure they are running patched versions to avoid exposure to this vulnerability.
Mitigation & Remediation
To mitigate this vulnerability, it is crucial for organizations to apply the latest patches provided by the Linux kernel maintainers. The following patches address the vulnerability:
Organizations should validate remediation through penetration testing to ensure that similar vulnerabilities do not persist.
For environments where patching is not immediately feasible, organizations should implement workarounds, such as disabling certain command functionalities or monitoring for unusual task behavior. Additionally, enhancing configuration hardening and employing network controls can provide layers of defense against potential exploitation attempts.
Detection Guidance
To detect any exploitation attempts or vulnerabilities related to this issue, organizations should monitor system logs for indicators of hanging tasks and unusual command execution patterns. Behavioral anomalies in task management can indicate potential exploitation, and monitoring network traffic for unusual patterns can help identify malicious activities.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
This vulnerability represents a growing trend in command execution vulnerabilities within the Linux kernel. Security teams should leverage this as an opportunity to enhance their security posture by performing regular assessments and incorporating lessons learned into their vulnerability management programs.
For further insights into effective security practices, organizations can refer to our blog on penetration testing methodology, which contains best practices for identifying vulnerabilities.
Additionally, exploring the implications of vulnerabilities in the context of application security can be beneficial. Visit our article on vulnerability management program design for comprehensive strategies on managing vulnerabilities effectively.
Lastly, understanding the current landscape of threat activities can aid organizations in prioritizing defenses. Our blog on 2025 vulnerability exposure severity trends provides valuable insights into evolving threats.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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