CVE-2025-21499 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting the Oracle MySQL Server, specifically within the Server: DDL component. The vulnerability is present in supported versions of MySQL Server 8.4.3 and prior, as well as 9.1.0 and prior. This vulnerability allows a high-privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise the MySQL Server. The successful exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access, causing the MySQL Server to hang or crash frequently, resulting in a complete denial of service (DoS).
The CVSS 3.1 base score assigned to this vulnerability is 4.9, reflecting that it has a significant impact on availability. The CVSS vector for this vulnerability is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H), indicating low attack complexity and requires high privileges. Given its potential impact, organizations should address this vulnerability promptly.
Organizations should prioritize patching immediately to mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-21499. The vulnerability has been published as of January 21, 2025, and organizations utilizing affected versions must take action to ensure their systems are not compromised.
The urgency of addressing this vulnerability is underscored by its classification as easily exploitable, emphasizing the need for immediate attention from security teams.
Vulnerability Details
The vulnerability in question is classified as a denial-of-service vulnerability, as indicated by the CVSS score and the description provided by Oracle. The official CVE description states that this vulnerability allows a high-privileged attacker with network access to compromise MySQL Server, leading to a denial of service condition.
Affected systems include Oracle MySQL Server versions 8.4.3 and prior, as well as 9.1.0 and prior. The publication date for this vulnerability was January 21, 2025.
The CWE classification associated with this vulnerability is CWE-770, indicating that it is related to insufficient validation of untrusted input.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of CVE-2025-21499 lies in the insufficient handling of resource requests by the MySQL Server component. Attackers can exploit this flaw by sending specially crafted requests to the server. The attack vector is classified as network-based, meaning attackers do not need physical access to the server to exploit this vulnerability.
The attack complexity is low, requiring high privileges to execute the attack, but user interaction is not necessary. The implications of this vulnerability lead to high availability impact, as successful exploitation can cause the MySQL Server to hang or crash.
Given these factors, organizations using Oracle MySQL Server should take immediate action to patch affected systems to prevent potential service disruptions.
Risk & Impact Analysis
Risk to organizations includes potential denial of service, which can disrupt business operations significantly. The blast radius of this vulnerability encompasses any organization utilizing the affected versions of MySQL Server, making it a priority for remediation.
The urgency for organizations to address this vulnerability is categorized as high due to its potential for availability impact and the ease of exploitation. Organizations should prioritize patching immediately to mitigate the risk of service disruption.
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
All versions prior to vendor patch, specifically MySQL Server versions 8.4.3 and earlier, as well as 9.1.0 and earlier, are affected by this vulnerability. Organizations must ensure they are running patched versions to avoid these risks.
Mitigation & Remediation
To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should upgrade to the latest version of MySQL Server that is not affected by this vulnerability. Patch information is available through Oracle's security advisory. Organizations should also consider implementing configuration hardening to minimize exposure.
For further assistance, organizations can benefit from penetration testing services to identify vulnerabilities and strengthen their security posture.
Detection Guidance
Organizations should monitor for unusual log patterns that may indicate attempts to exploit this vulnerability. Behavioral anomalies in MySQL Server operations can also serve as indicators of potential exploitation. It is crucial to have network signature rules in place to detect suspicious activity targeting the MySQL Server.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
The long-term significance of CVE-2025-21499 lies in its impact on the availability of database services, which are critical to many organizational operations. Security teams should be aware of the patterns emerging from vulnerabilities of this nature and remain vigilant in their scanning and testing efforts.
To strengthen defenses against similar vulnerabilities, organizations can reference best practices in penetration testing methodology. Additionally, organizations can engage with expert services to enhance their security posture through vulnerability management programs that can proactively identify and mitigate risks.
Organizations should also be aware of emerging trends in application security, which can be explored through resources such as 2025 vulnerability exposure severity trends to stay ahead of potential threats.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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