CVE-2025-21497 is a vulnerability found in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL, specifically within the InnoDB component. The vulnerability impacts supported versions of MySQL Server, including versions 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior, and 9.1.0 and prior. This flaw has been classified with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 5.5, indicating medium severity.
This vulnerability allows a high-privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise the MySQL Server. Successful exploitation may lead to unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete denial of service) of MySQL Server, as well as unauthorized update, insert, or delete access to some of the server's accessible data.
Organizations should prioritize patching immediately to mitigate the risks associated with this vulnerability. The potential for denial of service and data manipulation poses significant risks to database integrity and availability.
As of now, there are no known exploits publicly available for this vulnerability, but organizations must remain vigilant and ensure their systems are updated to the latest versions.
Vulnerability Details
Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of MySQL Server accessible data.
CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.5 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H).
Technical Analysis
The root cause of this vulnerability lies in the InnoDB component of MySQL Server. Attackers can exploit this flaw remotely due to its low attack complexity and high privileges required, allowing them to interact with the server without user interaction. The potential impacts on confidentiality are minimal, though integrity is marked low and availability is significantly affected.
The attack vector is network-based, meaning that an attacker could initiate an exploit without physical access to the server. The complexity of the attack is low, indicating that it can be executed with relative ease by an attacker with the appropriate privileges.
Risk & Impact Analysis
Risk to organizations includes potential denial of service and unauthorized access to critical data. The impact on availability is high, as successful exploitation can lead to complete disruption of MySQL Server operations. Organizations must evaluate their exposure and consider the blast radius of this vulnerability, particularly if the MySQL Server is part of a larger critical infrastructure.
Given the CVSS score of 5.5, organizations should address this vulnerability in their priority patch cycle, especially those with exposed MySQL instances or extensive network accessibility.
Exploitation Status
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
The affected versions of Oracle MySQL Server include 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior, and 9.1.0 and prior. Organizations that utilize these versions should take immediate action to remediate the vulnerability.
Mitigation & Remediation
Organizations should upgrade to the latest version of Oracle MySQL Server to mitigate this vulnerability. If an upgrade is not immediately possible, consider implementing network controls to restrict access to the MySQL Server. Regular monitoring should be conducted to identify any anomalous behavior that may indicate exploitation attempts.
For further assistance in securing your systems, organizations can explore our penetration testing services to validate your security measures.
Detection Guidance
To detect any potential exploitation attempts, security teams should monitor logs for unusual access patterns, particularly from high-privileged users. Additionally, behavioral anomalies, such as repeated crashes or hangs of the MySQL Server, should be investigated promptly.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
The long-term significance of CVE-2025-21497 highlights the need for organizations to maintain updated security practices, especially for widely used database solutions like MySQL. This vulnerability reflects a trend of higher risks associated with database accessibility over networks, emphasizing the necessity for robust security measures.
Organizations are encouraged to learn from this vulnerability by implementing comprehensive security assessments. For best practices, consider reviewing our guide on penetration testing methodology and ensuring adherence to standards that mitigate the risk of database vulnerabilities.
Furthermore, the trend of vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-21497 underscores the importance of having a well-structured vulnerability management program in place to continuously monitor and address security issues as they arise.
Investing in defenses against such vulnerabilities will be critical as organizations navigate evolving threat landscapes.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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