Versions of the package hackney before 1.21.0 are vulnerable to Server-side Request Forgery (SSRF) due to improper parsing of URLs by the URI built-in module and hackney. Given the URL http://127.0.0.1?@127.2.2.2/, the URI function will parse and see the host as 127.0.0.1 (which is correct), and hackney will refer the host as 127.2.2.2/. This vulnerability can be exploited when users rely on the URL function for host checking.
The CVSS score for this vulnerability is 2.9, indicating a low severity. The attack vector is network-based, with low complexity and no privileges required for exploitation. This suggests that attackers may exploit this vulnerability without significant effort. However, as it stands, the exploitability is considered low and no public exploits have been confirmed.
Organizations should be aware that the risk to organizations includes potential unauthorized access to internal resources via SSRF. Although the severity is low, it is crucial to implement remediation strategies to mitigate this vulnerability effectively.
Given the current status of this vulnerability is marked as deferred, organizations should closely monitor developments and prepare to patch systems once a fix is available.
Organizations should prioritize patching immediately.
Vulnerability Details
CVE-2025-1211 is classified as a Server-side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability affecting versions of the hackney package before 1.21.0. The vulnerability arises from improper parsing of URLs, specifically due to the URI built-in module and hackney's handling of host addresses.
The CVSS score of 2.9 indicates a low severity. The vulnerability was published on February 11, 2025, and has been classified with a CWE-918, which refers to the issue of 'Server-Side Request Forgery'.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of this vulnerability lies in the way the hackney package processes URLs. When a user requests a URL, the URI function parses the URL and correctly identifies the host as 127.0.0.1. However, due to misconfigured parsing rules, hackney may interpret a different host, such as 127.2.2.2, leading to potential unauthorized access to internal services.
The attack vector is network-based, and the complexity is considered low. No privileges are required to exploit this vulnerability, and user interaction is not necessary. The confidentiality impact is low, while the integrity and availability impacts are none.
Risk & Impact Analysis
The potential for exploitation of this vulnerability poses a risk to organizations that utilize the hackney package. Attackers may leverage this vulnerability to perform SSRF attacks, gaining unauthorized access to internal systems and potentially exposing sensitive data.
The blast radius for this vulnerability can be significant, especially in environments where internal services are accessible. Organizations should assess their deployment environments to understand the potential impacts and prioritize remediation based on the risk assessment.
Exploitation Status
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
All versions prior to vendor patch are affected. Specifically, versions of the hackney package before 1.21.0 are vulnerable.
Mitigation & Remediation
To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should update to the latest version of the hackney package (1.21.0 or later) as soon as it is available. If immediate patching is not feasible, consider configuration hardening to restrict access to internal resources.
Further, organizations can implement network controls to limit exposure and monitor for any unusual access patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts.
Organizations should validate remediation through penetration testing to ensure that similar vulnerabilities do not exist.
Detection Guidance
Organizations should monitor logs for indicators of unauthorized access attempts, particularly from unexpected internal IP addresses. Behavioral anomalies in network traffic that suggest attempts to exploit SSRF vulnerabilities should also be identified.
Monitoring for changes in system configurations related to URL handling and access controls will aid in detecting potential exploitation.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
The emergence of vulnerabilities like CVE-2025-1211 reflects ongoing challenges with URL parsing in programming libraries. As software development practices evolve, security teams must remain vigilant against SSRF vulnerabilities that can be exploited through improper input validation.
Organizations should implement a comprehensive vulnerability management program to ensure that such vulnerabilities are identified and mitigated proactively.
In addition, security teams should enhance their penetration testing methodology to include checks for SSRF vulnerabilities across all layers of applications.
Finally, understanding the evolving landscape of vulnerabilities, including this SSRF issue, is critical for developing defensive strategies that encompass both code security and architecture design.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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