A flaw was found in command/gpg within GRUB2. This vulnerability allows an attacker to exploit scenarios where hooks created by loaded modules are not removed upon unloading the related module. Consequently, this leads to a use-after-free vulnerability. If successfully exploited, this vulnerability may result in arbitrary code execution, allowing the attacker to bypass secure boot protections.
The CVSS score for this vulnerability is 6.4, indicating a medium severity level. The implications of this flaw are significant, as it poses a risk to system integrity and security. Organizations are urged to assess their vulnerability management strategies to address this issue.
Currently, there are no known exploits for this vulnerability in the wild, and it has not been included in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. However, the potential for exploitation remains, which necessitates prompt action from security teams.
Organizations should prioritize patching immediately to mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability and to ensure that their systems remain secure against potential threats.
Vulnerability Details
The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-0622 relates to a flaw in command/gpg within GRUB2. The issue arises when hooks created by loaded modules are not removed when the related module is unloaded, which can lead to a use-after-free condition. The CVSS 3.1 score is 6.4, indicating medium severity, and it is classified under CWE-416.
This vulnerability affects systems where GRUB2 is utilized, and it was published on February 18, 2025. The last modification date for this CVE entry is April 15, 2026.
Technical Analysis
The root cause of this vulnerability is linked to the improper management of hooks within the GRUB2 command/gpg. When a module is unloaded, the expectation is that all associated hooks would also be removed. However, due to this flaw, the hooks persist, leading to a use-after-free vulnerability.
The attack vector is local; an attacker would need access to the local system to exploit this vulnerability. The complexity of the attack is high, and high privileges are required to manipulate the hooks effectively. There is no user interaction needed for the exploitation to occur.
The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated high, as successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution and potentially compromise the entire system.
Risk & Impact Analysis
Risk to organizations includes the potential for unauthorized access and control over systems that utilize GRUB2. The complexity of the attack and the requirements for high privileges make it less likely to be exploited by less sophisticated attackers, but it remains a significant risk for those with the necessary access.
The blast radius of this vulnerability could be substantial, as systems that rely on GRUB2 for boot management may be affected. Organizations should evaluate the urgency of remediation based on their specific environments and the critical nature of the systems in question.
Given the CVSS score and the potential for exploitation, organizations should address this vulnerability in their priority patch cycle.
Exploitation Status
Signal | Status |
|---|---|
Known Exploit | No |
Public PoC | No |
Actively Exploited | No |
Ransomware Use | No |
Affected Versions
All versions prior to vendor patch are affected. Organizations should ensure their systems are updated to the latest version of GRUB2 where this vulnerability has been addressed.
Mitigation & Remediation
To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should apply the latest updates and patches provided by the vendor. Regularly checking for updates on penetration testing services can also help identify similar vulnerabilities in the future.
Detection Guidance
Organizations should monitor logs for any abnormal behavior related to GRUB2 operations, particularly during module loading and unloading processes. Behavioral anomalies during system boot sequences may indicate attempts to exploit this vulnerability.
AppSecure Threat Intelligence Insight
The long-term significance of CVE-2025-0622 lies in its potential to expose critical systems to arbitrary code execution. As attackers refine their techniques, vulnerabilities like this may become more attractive targets. Security teams must remain vigilant and proactive in their defensive strategies.
To stay ahead of potential threats, organizations should invest in building a comprehensive vulnerability management program that addresses both known and emerging vulnerabilities.
Additionally, leveraging insights from threat intelligence reports can help organizations identify patterns and trends in vulnerabilities, allowing for more effective risk management and mitigation strategies.
For further guidance, organizations can refer to our penetration testing methodology to enhance their security posture.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
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